5 protective measures for open pit mining

1. Blasting safety management

Blasting is one of the common methods used in open pit mining. At the same time, it is also one of the most prone to accidents. Therefore, in order to prevent mine safety accidents, we must first start from the strict regulation of blasting safety system.

First of all, the blasting technician must undergo strict blasting technical training and professional safety education, and be able to master scientific and precise blasting safety regulations and correct safety operation methods. Secondly, the blasting preparation, drug package processing and blasting inspection of the blasting operation must be scientific, accurate and complete. Thirdly, before the official blasting, it is necessary to understand the blasting environment and weather conditions, and it is strictly forbidden to perform blasting operations at night, thunderstorms, dusks, etc. The blastholes should be reconfirmed before blasting to prevent problems such as chaotic holes, water accumulation and card holes. Before the final detonation, all personnel must evacuate to a pre-prepared safe place to prevent casualties caused by early explosions. After the blasting is completed, the relevant personnel must be able to enter the blasting site for inspection in strict accordance with the prescribed waiting time.

For enterprises with a frequency of blasting operations and a large amount of blasting, it is recommended to find a professional blasting company to carry out professional blasting to reduce the cost of investment and protection.

2. Safety management

The loading work is the most important part of the entire mining industry. It includes not only the acquisition and loading of related materials by excavators and loaders, but also the operation of various types of equipment and the transportation of related vehicles.

Excavator sirens and horns must be in good condition. When performing various operations such as moving or working, the corresponding signals must be sent first. When working on excavators, loaders, etc., no one should be under the bucket and cantilever and the working surface. It is forbidden to stay in the scope of activities; it is forbidden to overload and unload the relevant transportation equipment to avoid accidents such as rollover; when loading and unloading, the driver of the vehicle must not stay in the driver's cab and the scope of loading equipment; When the transportation equipment is in operation, the unrelated personnel shall not enter the operation range of the equipment; during the loading of the materials, the relevant personnel shall not smoke in the non-smoking area; when the excavator passes through the relevant place, the line protection measures shall be taken; the relevant equipment maintenance personnel And all kinds of drivers or operators should strictly follow the equipment operation process for effective operation, check the operation of the equipment in real time, and ensure that there will be no accidents such as electric leakage during the operation of the equipment.

3. Dust prevention measures

Since the open-pit mining is in a relatively open space, it must have appropriate dust-proof measures to prevent contamination problems caused by inadequate dust-proof measures.

The mine's comprehensive dust prevention measures consist of eight major components, namely, implementing wet operation, focusing on individual protection, continuously reforming production processes, strictly ventilating and dust removal, strengthening scientific management, ensuring closed dust sources, and regularly measuring inspections and strengthening publicity and education. .

The main measures for dust prevention in open pit mines are watering and dust reduction and wet operation. There are three precautions. First, in the production process, the relevant personnel are exposed to relevant toxic substances every day, and the best way to get rid of these toxic substances is to ventilate and detoxify. Second, when problems such as accidental leakage are found, it is necessary to take ventilation and detoxification measures and wear relevant gas masks before entering the scene and implementing rescue. Finally, it is to establish sound and scientific sanitation facilities, and do regular health checks and environmental monitoring.

4. Waterproof and drainage measures

Mine waterproof drainage is one of the most important projects in open pit mines. It has a huge impact on the safety of the entire mine. Therefore, the scientific and effective engineering must be ensured during the design and construction process to ensure its safety. In the conventional mine drainage design process, there are generally four types of drainage facilities. The first one is open pit mine with hill features. We generally adopt self-flow drainage system, and the second is suitable for small water area and water flow. In the small mining areas, they can use the bottom centralized drainage system, while the third is suitable for those mining areas with deeper mining and larger water flow, that is, using a sectional intercepting drainage system. There is also an open pit mine that is suitable for very large water inflows. This mine can take underground drainage systems. These four drainage systems can be used with each other and used as a result.

In addition to the need to pay attention to drainage, waterproofing should also be paid attention to. In the operation of daily mining areas, some waterproof facilities and waterproof materials should be checked frequently to ensure that they can come in handy when problems occur.

5. Treatment and prevention of slope

Slope safety management is an important part of the safety management of open pit mines, and it has a direct relationship with whether open mining is safe. When conducting daily safety management, we should follow the following principles. First of all, we must conscientiously implement the policy of “extracting and stripping, and divesting first”. Secondly, the safety management personnel of the first line should conduct a comprehensive inspection of the stope and find out that the safety problems such as large pumice and loose stone that are easy to collapse are reported and processed in time. Once again, it is necessary to strengthen the work of the rainy season and the stope, and pay attention to the stability verification of the slope after blasting and heavy rain. Finally, the slope should be trimmed and cleaned from time to time to maintain the stability of the slope.