Code
MOLNU
broadleaf
Biological cycle
annual
Habitat
terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Lampetia nudicaulis (Lam.) Raf. |
| synonym | Mollugo caespitosa Scott Elliot |
| synonym | Mollugo sinaica Steud. |
| synonym | Pharnaceum nudicaule (Lam.) D.Dietr. |
🗒 Common Names
| English |
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| Malagasy |
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| Other |
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📚 Overview
Description
Cotyledons
The cotyledons are reduced. They are 4 mm long and 2 mm wide. They are briefly stalked and oblong in shape.
First leaves
The first leaves are simple and alternate, arranged in rosette at the surface of the soil. The lamina is spatulate. The top is rounded and has a small mucro. They are 15 to 20 mm long and 10 mm wide.
General habit
The plant has a rosette growth habit, above the soil surface. Only the inflorescence is erect, very branched and can measure 10 to 20 cm high.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem is particularly reduced because of the arrangement of leaves in rosette. From the center of the rosette emerges several filiform axis, without leaves, which are the peduncles of the inflorescences.
Leaf
The leaves are simple and alternate. They are all arranged in a rosette at the base of the plant. They 3 to 6 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide. The lamina is spatulate to oblanceolate. The base is attenuated into a slightly differentiated petiole. The apex is rounded, sometimes mucronate. The margin is entire. Four or five side ribs are visible on the upper side. Both sides are glabrous and glaucous green in color.
Inflorescence
The flowers are arranged in loose inflorescences cymes with 2 or 3 branches. These inflorescences are carried by long stalks of 5 to 10 cm. A single individual can develop 2 to 20 stalks.
Flower
The flowers are small, with a diameter of 5 mm, composed of 5 spreading, floral parts, greenish white in color.
Fruit
The fruits are dehiscent capsules having 3 to 5 valves containing 15 to 25 seeds. These capsules measure 2.5 mm high and remain trapped in the floral parts until the opening.
Seed
Seeds are lenticular, 0.5 mm in diameter. The surface is finely granular and black in colour.
Global description
Mollugo nudicaulis is one of the few tropical species with a rosette growth habit. The whole plant is glabrous. The leaves are spatulate. From the center of the rosette emerges several stalks with inflorescences in cymes. The flowers are small and white. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous black seeds.Cotyledons
The cotyledons are reduced. They are 4 mm long and 2 mm wide. They are briefly stalked and oblong in shape.
First leaves
The first leaves are simple and alternate, arranged in rosette at the surface of the soil. The lamina is spatulate. The top is rounded and has a small mucro. They are 15 to 20 mm long and 10 mm wide.
General habit
The plant has a rosette growth habit, above the soil surface. Only the inflorescence is erect, very branched and can measure 10 to 20 cm high.
Underground system
The plant has a taproot system.
Stem
The stem is particularly reduced because of the arrangement of leaves in rosette. From the center of the rosette emerges several filiform axis, without leaves, which are the peduncles of the inflorescences.
Leaf
The leaves are simple and alternate. They are all arranged in a rosette at the base of the plant. They 3 to 6 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide. The lamina is spatulate to oblanceolate. The base is attenuated into a slightly differentiated petiole. The apex is rounded, sometimes mucronate. The margin is entire. Four or five side ribs are visible on the upper side. Both sides are glabrous and glaucous green in color.
Inflorescence
The flowers are arranged in loose inflorescences cymes with 2 or 3 branches. These inflorescences are carried by long stalks of 5 to 10 cm. A single individual can develop 2 to 20 stalks.
Flower
The flowers are small, with a diameter of 5 mm, composed of 5 spreading, floral parts, greenish white in color.
Fruit
The fruits are dehiscent capsules having 3 to 5 valves containing 15 to 25 seeds. These capsules measure 2.5 mm high and remain trapped in the floral parts until the opening.
Seed
Seeds are lenticular, 0.5 mm in diameter. The surface is finely granular and black in colour.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
Life cycle
Annual
Northern Cameroon: Mollugo nudicaulis is mainly an early and mid-crop cycle species. Its frequency in cultivated plots ranges from 43% in early cycle (June) to 20% at the end of the crop cycle (October). Germination begins in May following the first significant rains, regardless of tillage. This period of germination is often of short duration (one week). Each cultural operation (plowing, weeding, hilling) is followed by another period of germination. Flowering starts in the month of June and ends in August. Fruiting and seed dispersal take place from July to October. Flowering and fruiting may be delayed by 1 month in the case of late emergences. The entire duration of M. nudicaulis development cycle is 3 to 4 months.
Mayotte: Mollugo nudicaulis flowers from October to May and fruits from November to June.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Reproduction
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Mollugo nudicaulis is an annual species. It multiplies only by seed.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Morphology
Growth form
Rosette
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Simple
Type of prefoliation
Leaf ratio medium
Latex
Without latex
Stem section
Round
Root type
Taproot
Hollow or solid stem
Solid stem
Stipule type
No stipule
Leaf attachment type
sessile
with petiole
Fruit type
Capsule
Cotyledon type
elliptic
Lamina base
attenuate
Lamina margin
entire
Lamina apex
rounded
mucronate
Upperface pilosity
Glabrous
Lowerface pilosity
Glabrous
Simple leaf type
Lamina elliptic
Lamina section
flat
Lamina Veination
in arc
Flower color
White
Inflorescence type
Cyme
Stem pilosity
Glabrous
Life form
Broadleaf plant
Ecology
Northern Cameroon: Mollugo nudicaulis is a species occurring in loam to sandy soil. It develops on the alluvium, the planosols and ferruginous soils. It is rare on heavy clay soils like vertisols. This is a common species from the Sahelo-Sudanese regions where the annual rainfall is between 600 and 800 mm, to the Sudanese regions where rainfall is above 1300 mm.
Mayotte: Mollugo nudicaulis is a common cryptogenic species on stabilized sands, in rock gardens and on wastelands. It is found in villages, on roadsides, on lawns in the xerophilous region.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Description
Geographical distibution
Madagascar
Worldwide distribution
Mollugo nudicaulis is widespread throughout tropical Africa, Madagascar, the Caribbean, India and Asia.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Northern Cameroon: Mollugo nudicaulis is present in 35% of cultivated land, especially in humid region in the old plots in intensive cultivations. This species is favored by the mechanization of tillage. It belongs to the floristic cortege of Commelina benghalensis.
Mayotte: Mollugo nudicaulis is an infrequent weed, present in 3% of cultivated plots, especially in vegetable crops. However, it can also be found in pineapple crops.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
References
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Merlier H. & Montégut J., 1982. Adventices tropicales. ORSTOM-GERDAT-ENSH éd., Montpellier, France, 490p.
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. I part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 295p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois and H. Merlier (2010). Adventrop V.1.5 Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
Information Listing > References
- Le Bourgeois Th., 1993. Les mauvaises herbes dans la rotation cotonnière au Nord-Cameroun (Afrique) - Amplitude d'habitat et degré d'infestation - Cycle de développement. Thèse USTL Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 241p.
- Merlier H. & Montégut J., 1982. Adventices tropicales. ORSTOM-GERDAT-ENSH éd., Montpellier, France, 490p.
- Hutchinson J., Dalziel J. M., Keay R. W. J. & Hepper F. N., 1954. Flora of West Tropical Africa. Vol. I part. 1. 2ème éd. The Whitefriars Press ed., London & Tonbridge, 295p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois and H. Merlier (2010). Adventrop V.1.5 Les adventices d'Afrique soudano-sahélienne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.
- Berhaut J., 1967. Flore du Sénégal. 2ème éd. Clairafrique éd., Dakar, Sénégal, 485p.
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT Mollugo nudicaulis: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Mollugo%2520nudicaulis
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Caryophyllales |
| Family | Molluginaceae |
| Genus | Mollugo |
| Species | Mollugo nudicaulis Lam. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
